Linux Training

Welcome to the Linux Training Course & Materials Project. This site has the following basic objectives:

To distribute free, high quality, linux training materials under an open source licence

• To encourage the production and development of such materials
• To encourage the widest possible use of such materials

Please visit our Linux Training Courses section for details of our publicly scheduled and on-site Linux training.

To learn more about the Linux Training Materials Project, click the Project link in the left margin. Click the same link for details on delivering training with our materials and for details on how to contribute new modules or courses to the project.

To get our free training materials click the Download link. Downloading implies agreement to the open source licence under which they are released. The licence, plus instructions for extracting, formatting, viewing and printing the Lecture notes are accessed from the same page. 

The Linux Training Materials Project is an initiative of GBdirect, Europe's leading provider of corporate Linux training. To learn about the company and its activities, click the About Us link. Details of public and in-house Linux courses delivered by GBdirect themselves can be accessed by clicking on the Courses link. 

Expertise and Experience in Linux and Unix

Our Linux trainers have been using the OS since its first stable kernel release (1.0) in 1994.

In 1997, after a long period of testing and evaluation, we knew and trusted the OS well enough to commit our entire head office infrastructure to Linux. Now there is barely a non-Linux machine in the building and some of our staff have never worked on anything else.

Philosophy: Linux Implements Unix/POSIX Standards

In all of the past years' Linux hype, countless journalists failed to notice that Linux is Unix in all but legal title and that differences between most flavours of Unix and Linux are trivial (at least in comparison with the fundamental differences between versions of MS Windows).

All modern Unixes operate in fundamentally the same way, because they all implement the same set of international standards ('Single Unix' and POSIX) governing the interaction of applications and hardware. Everything Unices do is built on these standards and Linux implements them more consistently than many. That's one of the reasons why Linux could be so easily ported to virtually every hardware platform available.

A fundamental understanding of Linux not only provides a good grounding in Unix it also encourages platform independent skills in general computing, e.g. in system administration, programming, network management, security, etc. Because it is open and standards based, Linux bares the system's internals to its administrator and can only be managed well by those who understand underlying computing principles. We aim to develop that kind of understanding.

Linux Training

CBITSS is a chandigarh based company.

CBITSS deals in Web development and Web site promotion(SEO) using open source software.

CBITSS also provide support and online solution in Linux administration.

Apart from development and support CBITSS also deals in training the candidates and takes the responsibility to make them capable enough to start their career in IT sector.

For the Welfare of society, CBITSS has also taken the job responsibility to promote the Open Source..

Open source is a term which defines the liberty of using the software free of cost..

Means, now there will be no piracy if we are not able to pay for proprietary(paid s/w) software because we can use free software.Our main agenda is to use and promote software which are free of cost so that we may make our nation PIRACY FREE.....

What we need from your side is to join our 15 days training module which is free of cost..

The module contains operating system installation and all the important desktop applications that we normally use.

Candidates who are interested to learn Linux but sometime they find it costly and/or tough to learn, so CBITSS has made it possible, you can recommend your friends/students to learn UBUNTU (Linux based desktop-os) in 15 days. This module is FREE OF COST.

This module covers all basic requirements by which one can easily use linux..

1)What is linux, its use and benefits.

2)Installation.

3)Open office (word processor, spreadsheet, presentation)

4)GIMP

5)Pidgin, Skype, Bluefish

6)Multimedia, cd/dvd burning

7)Working with different web browsers

8)Working with evolution/thunderbird (mail clients)

9)Internet connectivity (IP addressing, static/dynamic IP setting,
Wi-Fi setting)

10)Emule

Any other topic can also be covered on candidate's demand.

We also provide industrial training(job oriented) in LINUX(system & network administration),SEO,CCNA,JAVA, C, C++,Web Designing,Ethical Hacking,PHP with WHM (cpanel,webmin)& CMS(joomla/drupal)..

We do not criticize any proprietary software, we motivate people to either pay for proprietary software or use free software.

So we need your involvement in this activity.  

Enter GNU

GNU is pronounced like the animal and stands for 'GNU's Not Unix.' It was a project conceived by Richard Stallman in 1983 in response to the increasing tendency of software companies to copyright their software under terms that prohibited sharing. GNU's purpose: to develop a wholly free system. It had achieved significant progress toward this goal by the time that Linus and others had developed their kernel in the 1990s.

While many people refer to the combination of the two as "Linux", this is not wholly correct. The kernel combined with GNU's free software is properly called "GNU/Linux."

Both the kernel and the software are freely available under licencing that is sometimes called "copyleft" (as opposed to copyright). Where traditional copyright was meant to restrict usage and ownership of a copyrighted item to as few people as possible, inhibiting development and growth, GNU/Linux is different. It is released under terms designed to ensure that as many people as possible are allowed to receive, use, share, and modify the software. That licence is called the GPL (GNU Public Licence). 

Founded in 1984, Cisco Systems is a leading designer and distributor of networking and communication technology that was a key player in the Internet boom of the 1990s. Cisco survived the dot.com industry collapse and is still one of the leading high-tech firms in the U.S.

Origins

Cisco Systems was founded by Len Bosack and Sandy Lerner, a married couple who left their jobs in the computer department at Stanford University to pursue a start-up company. The name of the company is derived from the city name San Francisco. The company's first product was router software that supported multiple computer network protocols. It sold its product to universities, research centers and companies in the aerospace industry by contacting them using the ARPANET--the precursor to the Internet--since companies using the ARPANET at the time were tech-savvy and more likely to use their router.

Cisco Goes Public

Cisco's router was an instant success and the company caught the attention of venture capitalist Donald Valentine, who gained a controlling interest in Cisco in 1988 at a time when Bosack and Lerner needed money to grow. Valentine installed an outsider named John Morgridge as CEO of Cisco and he promptly fired several managers who were personal friends of Bosack and Lerner. The company went public in February 1990 and in August, Morgridge fired Lerner. A few months later, Bosack sold his remaining interest in Cisco for more than $100 million and quit.

The Early Years

Cisco grew rapidly in the early 1990s as companies began installing local area networks (LANS) for personal computers. In 1993, it introduced its new flagship product the Cisco 7000 router. The 7000 was a huge success and Cisco branched out and began marketing its products to long distance telephone companies. Cisco made its first major acquisition that year when it bought Crescendo Communications for $95 million and followed that with the purchase of Newport Systems Solutions in 1994 for $93 million. In 1994, it moved its corporate headquarters from Menlo Park, CA to San Jose where it still resides today.

The Dot.Com Boom

In 1995, Cisco made former IBM and Wang Laboratories executive John Chambers CEO and he led the company through several years of explosive growth. From 1995 to 1998, Cisco made 26 acquisitions as it pushed beyond its core customer base into the telecommunication access provider business. Cisco reached its zenith during the dot.com boom and capped off the decade in 1999 with the purchase of Cerent Corp. for $7 billion, its most expensive acquisition to date. In 2000, Cisco became the most valuable company in the world with market capitalization estimated at $550 billion.

The Company Today

Cisco Systems emerged relatively unscathed when the dot.com bubble burst in 2000 and continued to expand into new network equipment markets including Ethernet switching and ATM networking. In 2003, it purchase Linksys, a popular manufacturer of networking hardware that made it a major player in the home end-user market. Though Cisco is no longer a $550 billion company, it is still a major player in the telecommunications business with its familiar motto "Welcome to the human network." It currently employs 66,000 people and generated $38 billion in revenue in 2008 with $8.1 billion in net income.Linux multiprocessing; for any modern network operating system must use the resources of multiple processors in an efficient manner. Like in windows 2000, Linux supports symmetric multiprocessing (SMP). This support for SMP was experimental in version2.0. Experts consider SMP to be sable versions 2.2 and later. SMP support and performance improved with the release of Linux version 2.4. The operating system supports SMP using a maximum of 16 processors per server. The Linux memory Model, form its inception, Linux was created to use both physical and virtual memory efficiently, like windows 2000, and Linux allocates a memory area for each application. It attempts to decrease the inefficiency of this practice, however, by sharing memory between programs wherever it can. Like instance, if five people are using FTP on mine Linux server, five instance of FTP program will run. in reality, only a small part of each FTP program called the private data region the part that stores the username , for instance, will receive its own memory space, most of the program will remain in a region of memory shared by all five instance of the program. In this case, rather than using five times the memory required one instance of the program, Linux sets aside only a little more memory for five users than it does for one FTP user. Most current version of Linux use a 32-bit addressing scheme tat enable program to access 4 GB of memory. Linux also runs on CPUs that employ 64 –bit addresses, enabling program to access more than 18 exbytes (264 bytes) that is more than 18 billions billion bytes of data three times the total number of words ever spoken by human beings by one estimate! Virtual memory in a Linux server can take the form of a disk partition created with windows fdisk command or it can be in a file much like the virtual memory pagefile.sys file in windows 200. (COM PITA, 2007)
In my perspective, I still agree that Windows still more superior because all what Linux has gotten, Windows still have than Linux.